The Al Buainain (Arabic: آل بوعينين) tribe is an Arab bedouin tribe, based primarily in the west side of the Persian Gulf, especially in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Bahrain. In Bahrain, the traditional home of the tribe has been Askar village. The tribe used to be involved in the lucrative pearl diving industry.
The Al Buainain tribe was one of the several bedouin tribes to move to Bahrain in 1783, after the Al Khalifa conquered the island.
It is a sub-clan of the Banu Tamim tribe.
Al Buainain were known to reside a village called Ainain (عينين) which their tribe name derive from. Early recordings confirm their residence in Aynain (now Jubail) in 626 AD. Unlike most Arabian tribes who lived in the area now under control of Saudi Arabia the Al Buainain did not live a nomadic bedoin life. Instead, they depended on their fishing skills and pearl diving.
Around 1700 most families left the area to seek better living conditions. Some of them lived in what now are Bahrain, Qatar and UAE, while others stayed in Aynain.
In early 1870s many have returned to Ainain and remained there until the founding of the city of Jubail in Saudi Arabia in which they took residence. To this day most of the residents of Jubail are Al Buainain.